As state and national policymakers grow more concerned about the
global competitiveness of US workers, two areas of concern about
higher education have recently risen to the forefront. One is the
availability and affordability of higher education for all students,
especially across lines of race, ethnicity, and income. The other
is the accountability required of colleges and universities for
the success of their education programs.
Not
surprisingly, this latter issue and the proposals for addressing
it have became fodder for a national controversy, with higher
education leaders often on one side and the U.S. Department of
Education
on the other.
“This issue is very controversial, very complicated, and
very political,” says Margaret “Peg” Miller,
professor of higher education policy in the Curry School of Education
and director of Curry’s Center for the Study of Higher Education.
Long before
this was a hot issue, Miller had devoted a significant portion
of her career to questions of evaluating student achievement
in higher education and assessing the quality of education provided
by the nation’s colleges and universities. From 1987 to 1997,
she served as chief academic officer for the Virginia’s State
Council of Higher Education, where she oversaw the development
of campus-based assessment plans. From 2000-2004 she directed the
Pew-sponsored National Forum on College-Level Learning, a five-state
pilot project assessing the intellectual capacity of the college
educated in way that enabled state-by-state comparisons.
For the past
seven years she has served on the National Advisory Board for
Measuring Up, along with Curry School dean David Breneman,
who has chaired the project’s advisory board since its inception.
The biennial national report card on higher education grades states
on the effectiveness of their systems of higher education.
Given
Miller’s expertise, it was no surprise when she was
invited to a national higher education summit in fall 2006. The
summit aimed to set the course for carrying out the recommendations
of a report prepared by the Department of Education’s Commission
on the Future of Higher Education. Miller was one of three educational
leaders invited to open the summit with a presentation. She says
she was the strongest voice in favor of assessment that permits
appropriate comparisons of learning outcomes across similar campuses.
She concedes, though, that “it’s not a popular position.”
Most college leaders have acknowledged the need to know more about
how much their students are learning, Miller says, and to talk
about these data publicly. But few want to do so in a way that
permits their results to be compared to those of other institutions.
For
a second summit convened in March 2007, Miller was assigned to
serve on a working committee to prepare recommendations on college
student learning assessment as it relates to accreditation. Three
hundred invitation-only participants from across the spectrum of
federal and state government, accreditation agencies, business,
and higher
education worked on a variety of higher education issues at the
meeting.
The tone
was
congenial and the summit seemed productive, Miller says.
Afterwards,
the Department of Education began to push accreditors
to require institutions to set standards for learning, and tensions
between the Department and the accreditors have become increasingly
strained.
Miller
recommends the following documents for readers wishing to learn
more about this topic and the ongoing debate:
Measuring
Up 2006 - http://measuringup.highereducation.org/
The
National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education - http://www.highereducation.org
The National
Forum on College Level Learning final report – http://collegelevellearning.org
Related articles from Inside Higher Ed:
"Who’s
Who at the Spellings Summit"
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/03/20/summit
"Assessing
the Spellings Commission"
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/03/21/commission
"The
Kinder, Gentler Summit"
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/03/23/summit
"Pushback
Against Perceived Power Grab"
http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/03/27/accredit